Jimlolin Sharɗi (if)
Conditionals (if)
Conditionals (Jimlolin Sharɗi) ana amfani da su don bayyana abin da zai faru idan wani abu ya faru. 'If it rains, I will stay home' — idan ruwan sama ya yi, zan zauna gida. A Hausa, 'idan' ko 'in' shine kalmar sharɗi. Akwai nau'ikan conditionals daban-daban gwargwadon ko muna magana ne game da gaskiya, yiwuwa, ko tunanin da ba zai faru ba.
Zero Conditional (Gaskiya/Ƙa'ida)
If + Simple Present, Simple Present. Don gaskiyar da koyaushe ke faruwa.
If you heat water, it boils.
Idan ka zafi ruwa, yana tafasa.
If it rains, the roads get muddy.
Idan ruwan sama ya yi, hanyoyi suna zama da laka.
If you mix red and yellow, you get orange.
Idan ka haɗa ja da rawaya, kana samun ruwan lemo.
If you don't eat, you feel hungry.
Idan ba ka ci abinci ba, kana jin yunwa.
First Conditional (Yiwuwa a Nan Gaba)
If + Simple Present, will + tushen fi'ili. Don abubuwan da za su iya faruwa nan gaba.
If it rains, I will stay home.
Idan ruwan sama ya yi, zan zauna gida.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
Idan ka yi nazari sosai, za ka ci jarabawa.
If she comes early, we will go together.
Idan ta zo da wuri, za mu tafi tare.
If they invite me, I will attend the party.
Idan sun gayyace ni, zan halarci liyafar.
Second Conditional (Tunanin da Ba Zai Faru Ba)
If + Simple Past, would + tushen fi'ili. Don yanayin da ba zai faru ba ko tunanin kawai.
If I had a million naira, I would buy a car.
Da na da naira miliyan, da na sayi mota.
If I were you, I would study harder.
Da ni ne kai, da na yi nazari ƙwarai.
If she lived in Lagos, she would go to the beach.
Da tana zaune a Lagos, da tana zuwa bakin teku.
If we could fly, we would travel everywhere.
Da muna iya tashi sama, da muna tafiya ko'ina.
Bambancin Hausa da Turanci
- ●A Hausa, 'idan' / 'in' don First Conditional — 'Idan ka zo, zan taimake ka' = 'If you come, I will help you'.
- ●A Hausa, 'da' don Second Conditional — 'Da ina da kuɗi, da na sayi mota' = 'If I had money, I would buy a car'.
- ●A Turanci, bambancin lokutan fi'ili ne ke nuna nau'in conditional, yayin da a Hausa 'idan' da 'da' ne ke bambanta su.
Common Mistakes
If it will rain, I will stay home.
If it rains, I will stay home.
Bayan 'if' a First Conditional, ana amfani da Simple Present — ba 'will' ba.
If I was you, I would study.
If I were you, I would study.
A Second Conditional, 'were' ne ya dace ga duk batun magana — ba 'was' ba (a al'ada).
Try it in conversation
A
What will you do if it rains tomorrow?
Me za ka yi idan ruwan sama ya yi gobe?
B
If it rains, I will read books at home.
Idan ruwan sama ya yi, zan karanta littattafai a gida.
A
If you could visit any country, where would you go?
Da za ka iya ziyartar kowace ƙasa, ina za ka tafi?
B
If I could, I would visit Saudi Arabia.
Da zan iya, da na ziyarci Saudiyya.
Fill in the blanks
If you ___ (study) hard, you will succeed.
If I ___ (have) wings, I would fly.
Quiz
'If it rains, I ___ stay home.' — Cika gurbin.
'If I ___ rich, I would travel the world.' — Zaɓi amsar da ta dace.
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