Siffar Wahala (Passive Voice)
Passive Voice
Passive Voice ana amfani da shi idan muka fi so mu mayar da hankali kan abin da ya faru maimakon wanda ya yi shi. Misali, 'The food was cooked by Amina' yana nuna abincin ne ya fi muhimmanci fiye da Amina. A Hausa, muna cewa 'An dafa abincin' — kalmar 'an' tana nuna passive. Koyon Passive Voice yana da muhimmanci don fahimtar Turanci na yau da kullum musamman a cikin labaran jarida da rubutu na hukuma.
Tsarin Passive Voice
be + past participle (siffa ta uku). Ana canza fi'ilin 'be' gwargwadon lokaci.
The food is cooked every day.
Ana dafa abincin kowace rana. (Present)
The letter was written by Musa.
Musa ne ya rubuta wasiƙar. (Past)
The new mosque will be built next year.
Za a gina sabon masallaci shekara mai zuwa. (Future)
The car has been repaired.
An gyara motar. (Present Perfect)
| Lokaci | Tsarin Active | Tsarin Passive |
|---|---|---|
| Present | She cooks food. | Food is cooked. |
| Past | She cooked food. | Food was cooked. |
| Future | She will cook food. | Food will be cooked. |
by + Wanda Ya Yi (Agent)
Idan muna son bayyana wanda ya yi aikin, ana amfani da 'by'.
This song was sung by the children.
Yara ne suka yi wannan waƙa.
The house was built by my grandfather.
Kakana ne ya gina gidan.
The goal was scored by Ibrahim.
Ibrahim ne ya zura ƙwallon.
The book was written by a Nigerian author.
Marubucin Najeriya ne ya rubuta littafin.
Passive ba tare da Agent ba
Yawanci ba a buƙatar bayyana wanda ya yi aikin — musamman idan ba a san shi ba ko ba shi da muhimmanci.
Rice is grown in many countries.
Ana noman shinkafa a ƙasashe da yawa.
English is spoken all over the world.
Ana magana da Turanci a ko'ina cikin duniya.
The window was broken.
An fasa tagar.
My phone was stolen.
An sace wayata.
Bambancin Hausa da Turanci
- ●A Hausa, 'an' shine alamar passive — 'An dafa abinci' (Food was cooked). Wannan ya fi sauƙi fiye da tsarin Turanci.
- ●A Turanci, dole ne a canza fi'ilin 'be' gwargwadon lokaci (is/was/will be + past participle), amma a Hausa 'an' ɗaya ne ga kowane lokaci.
- ●A Hausa, passive yana yau da kullum — 'an ce' (it was said), 'an yi' (it was done). Wannan zai taimake ka don fahimtar ma'anar passive.
Common Mistakes
The food was cook.
The food was cooked.
Passive yana buƙatar 'be + past participle' — ba 'was cook' ba.
English is speak here.
English is spoken here.
'is spoken' ne ya dace (passive) — ba 'is speak' ba.
Try it in conversation
A
When was this mosque built?
Yaushe aka gina wannan masallaci?
B
It was built about 100 years ago.
An gina shi kusan shekaru ɗari da suka wuce.
A
Is Hausa spoken in other countries?
Shin ana magana da Hausa a wasu ƙasashe?
B
Yes, it is spoken in Niger and some other countries.
Eh, ana magana da ita a Nijar da wasu ƙasashe.
Fill in the blanks
The letter ___ (write) by the teacher.
A new hospital ___ (build) next year.
Quiz
'The cake ___ by Hauwa.' — Cika gurbin (Simple Past).
'English ___ all over the world.' — Zaɓi amsar da ta dace.
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