Halaye na Dangantaka (Relative Adverbs)
Relative Adverbs
Relative Adverbs (where, when, why) suna haɗa jimloli ta hanyar bayyana wuri, lokaci, ko dalili. 'This is the school where I studied' (Wannan ita ce makarantar da na yi karatu). A Hausa, 'inda' (where), 'lokacin da' (when), 'dalilin da' (why) suna yi kama da su. Sun fi sauƙi fiye da relative clauses da who/which.
where — Wuri
'where' don bayyana wuri bayan sunan wurin.
This is the school where I studied.
Wannan ita ce makarantar da na yi karatu.
Kano is the city where I was born.
Kano shine garin da aka haife ni.
I know a place where we can eat.
Na san wurin da za mu iya cin abinci.
The market where she shops is very big.
Kasuwar da take sayayya tana da girma.
when — Lokaci
'when' don bayyana lokaci bayan sunan lokaci.
I remember the day when I first came to school.
Na tuna ranar da na fara zuwa makaranta.
Summer is the time when we go on vacation.
Lokacin rani shine lokacin da muke tafiya hutu.
Friday is the day when we go to the mosque.
Juma'a ita ce ranar da muke zuwa masallaci.
There are moments when I miss my hometown.
Akwai lokutan da nake kewar garinmu.
why — Dalili
'why' don bayyana dalili, galibi bayan 'the reason'.
That's the reason why I study English.
Wannan shine dalilin da yasa nake nazarin Turanci.
I don't know the reason why she left.
Ban san dalilin da ya sa ta tafi ba.
Do you know why he was absent?
Shin ka san dalilin da ya rasa zuwa?
That's why I came early.
Shi ya sa na zo da wuri.
Bambancin Hausa da Turanci
- ●A Hausa, 'inda' = where, 'lokacin da' = when, 'dalilin da' = why — suna yi kama da juna.
- ●A Turanci, ana iya barin 'where/when/why' — 'the reason I study' = 'the reason why I study'. A Hausa ma ana iya barin 'da' wani lokaci.
- ●Tsarinsu ya yi kama a duka Hausa da Turanci — siffa ta ƙarawa ba ta musanya tsarin jimla ba.
Common Mistakes
This is the school which I study.
This is the school where I study.
Don wuri, 'where' ne ya dace — ba 'which' ba (sai dai idan tsarin ya bambanta).
I remember the day where we met.
I remember the day when we met.
Don lokaci (day), 'when' ne ya dace — ba 'where' ba.
Try it in conversation
A
Is this the market where you buy vegetables?
Shin wannan ita ce kasuwar da kake sayen kayan lambu?
B
Yes, this is where I always shop.
Eh, a nan ne nake sayayya koyaushe.
A
Do you remember the day when we first met?
Shin kana tuna ranar da muka fara haɗuwa?
B
Of course! That's a day I'll never forget.
Tabbas! Rana ce da ba zan taɓa manta ba.
Fill in the blanks
Abuja is the city ___ the president lives.
That's the reason ___ I was late.
Quiz
'This is the village ___ I grew up.' — Cika gurbin.
'I remember the day ___ we met.' — Zaɓi amsar da ta dace.
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