Kalmomin Tambaya (Wh-words)
Question Words
Kalmomin tambaya (question words) ana kuma kiransu Wh-words — What (me), Who (wane/wace), Where (ina), When (yaushe), Why (don me/me ya sa), How (yaya/ta yaya). Waɗannan sun bambanta da tambayoyin Yes/No — suna neman bayani mai zurfi. A Hausa, kalmar tambaya tana zuwa a tsakiyar jimla, amma a Turanci tana zuwa farko.
What (me) da Who (wane/wace)
What — don tambayar abu ko magana. Who — don tambayar mutum. Duka biyun suna zuwa a farkon jimla. Idan Who shi ne batun jimla, ba a buƙatar do/does.
What/Who + V(be/do/does) + S + ... ?
What is this?
Wannan me ne?
What do you eat for breakfast?
Me kake ci don karin kumallo?
Who is your teacher?
Wane ne malaminku?
Who likes suya?
Wa yake son suya?
What is your favorite color?
Wane launi kake fi so?
What does she study?
Me take karantuwa?
| Kalmar tambaya | Ma'ana | Lokacin amfani | Misali |
|---|---|---|---|
| What | me | Abu/magana | What is your name? |
| Who | wane/wace | Mutum | Who is she? |
Idan Who shi ne batun jimla, ba a buƙatar do/does! 'Who likes suya?' ta dace. 'Who does like suya?' kuskure ne.
Where (ina) da When (yaushe)
Where — don tambayar wuri. When — don tambayar lokaci. Kamar 'ina' da 'yaushe' a Hausa.
Where/When + V(be/do/does) + S + ... ?
Where is the mosque?
Ina masallaci yake?
Where do you live?
Ina kake zaune?
When is your birthday?
Yaushe ranar haihuwar ka?
When does the class start?
Yaushe aji yake farawa?
Where does she work?
Ina take aiki?
Where are my shoes?
Ina takalma na suke?
| Kalmar tambaya | Ma'ana | Misalin amsa |
|---|---|---|
| Where | ina | Where do you live? — I live in Abuja. |
| When | yaushe | When is the test? — It's on Monday. |
Why (don me) da Because (saboda/domin)
Why — don tambayar dalili. Ana amsa da Because (saboda/domin). Bayan Because, ana sa jimla cikakkiya (batun jimla + fi'ili).
Why + V(be/do/does) + S + ... ? → Because + S + V + ...
Why are you sad?
Don me kake baƙin ciki?
Why do you study English? — Because I want to travel.
Don me kake karatun Turanci? — Saboda ina son tafiya.
Why is she crying? — Because she lost her toy.
Don me take kuka? — Saboda ta rasa kayan wasanta.
Why does he wake up early? — Because he has practice.
Don me yake tashi da wuri? — Saboda yana da atisaye.
Why do you like this book? — Because it is fun.
Don me kake son wannan littafi? — Saboda yana da nishaɗi.
Idan aka yi maka tambaya da Why, ka amsa da Because. Bayan Because, ka sa jimla cikakkiya (batun jimla + fi'ili + ...).
How (yaya/ta yaya) da How + Sifa
How — don tambayar hanya, yanayi, ko hali. How are you? (Yaya kake?) ita ce tambayar How mafi muhimmanci. Ana iya haɗa How da sifa don tambayar adadi ko gwargwado — How old (shekaru nawa), How many (nawa), How much (nawa/kuɗi).
How (+ adj) + V(be/do/does) + S + ... ?
How are you?
Yaya kake?
How do you go to school?
Ta yaya kake zuwa makaranta?
How old are you?
Shekara nawa kake da shi?
How many brothers do you have?
'Yan'uwa maza nawa kake da su?
How much is this?
Wannan nawa ne?
How long does it take to get to school?
Zuwa makaranta yana ɗaukar lokaci nawa?
| Siffar tambaya | Ma'ana | Misali |
|---|---|---|
| How old | shekara nawa | How old is she? |
| How many | nawa (abubuwan ƙidaya) | How many cats do you have? |
| How much | nawa (abubuwan da ba a ƙidaya/kuɗi) | How much is this bag? |
| How long | tsawon lokaci nawa | How long is the movie? |
| How tall | tsawo nawa | How tall are you? |
| How far | nisan nawa | How far is the school? |
How many — abubuwan da ake ƙidaya (books, cats). How much — abubuwan da ba a ƙidaya (water, money) ko kuɗin abu!
Bambancin kalmomin tambaya a Hausa da Turanci
- ●A Hausa, kalmar tambaya tana zuwa a tsakiyar jimla ('Kana zaune ina?'). A Turanci tana zuwa farko ('Where do you live?').
- ●A Turanci, bayan kalmar tambaya ana sa be/do/does. A Hausa babu irin wannan mai taimako.
- ●Idan Who shi ne batun jimla, ba a buƙatar do/does ('Who likes suya?'). Idan abu ne, ana buƙata ('Who do you like?').
- ●How + sifa don tambayar gwargwado (How old, How many, How much). A Hausa 'shekara nawa', 'nawa', 'kuɗi nawa' kalmomi ne dabam-dabam.
Common Mistakes
Where you live?
Where do you live?
Tambayar fi'ili na yau da kullum tana buƙatar do/does.
Who does like suya?
Who likes suya?
Idan Who shi ne batun jimla, ba a buƙatar do/does.
How many water do you drink?
How much water do you drink?
water ba a ƙidayawa, don haka 'How much' ba 'How many' ba.
Try it in conversation
A
What is your hobby?
Me kake yi don nishaɗi?
B
I like drawing. How about you?
Ina son zane. Kai fa?
A
I like reading! Where do you draw?
Ina son karatu! Ina kake zane?
B
I draw at home. Why do you like reading?
Ina zane a gida. Don me kake son karatu?
Fill in the blanks
___ is your favorite food?
___ is that boy?
___ does the movie start?
___ do you go to school? — By okada.
___ old is your sister?
___ is the market?
___ do you like cats? — Because they are cute.
___ does your father do? — He is a trader.
Quiz
"___ is your name?" — Wace kalmar tambaya ta dace?
"___ do you live?" — Wace kalmar tambaya ta dace?
"___ are you crying?" — Because I lost my toy. — Wace kalma ta dace?
"How ___ cats do you have?" — Me za ka sa?
"___ teaches this class?" — Wace kalma ta dace?
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