Kalmomin Haɗi (Conjunctions)
Conjunctions
Conjunctions (Kalmomin Haɗi) suna haɗa kalmomi, jimloli, ko sassan jimloli. 'and', 'but', 'or', 'because', 'so' sune mafi amfani. Misali, 'I like rice and beans' (Ina son shinkafa da wake). A Hausa, 'da', 'amma', 'ko', 'saboda', 'don haka' sune kalmomin haɗi mafi amfani. Koyon su zai taimake ka gina jimloli masu tsayi da ma'ana a Turanci.
and, but, or (Kalmomin Haɗi na Asali)
'and' = da (ƙarawa), 'but' = amma (bambanci), 'or' = ko (zaɓi).
I like rice and beans.
Ina son shinkafa da wake.
She is smart but lazy.
Tana da hazaƙa amma malalaciya ce.
Do you want tea or coffee?
Kana son shayi ko kofi?
He can read and write in English.
Yana iya karatu da rubuta cikin Turanci.
because da so (Dalili da Sakamako)
'because' = saboda/domin (dalili), 'so' = don haka (sakamako).
I stayed home because it was raining.
Na zauna gida saboda ana ruwan sama.
She studied hard because she wanted to pass.
Ta yi nazari sosai domin tana son ta ci jarabawa.
It was late, so I went to bed.
Ya yi latti, don haka na kwanta.
He was hungry, so he bought suya.
Yana jin yunwa, don haka ya sayi suya.
when, before, after, while (Lokaci)
Waɗannan suna haɗa jimloli ta amfani da lokaci.
I will call you when I arrive.
Zan kira ka idan/lokacin da na iso.
Wash your hands before you eat.
Ka wanke hannunka kafin ka ci abinci.
After she finished, she went home.
Bayan ta gama, sai ta tafi gida.
While I was cooking, the phone rang.
Yayin da nake dafa abinci, sai waya ta yi kira.
Bambancin Hausa da Turanci
- ●Yawancin kalmomin haɗi na Hausa suna da takwarori a Turanci: 'da' = and, 'amma' = but, 'ko' = or, 'saboda' = because, 'don haka' = so.
- ●Bambancin shi ne tsarin jimla — a Turanci conjunction na iya zuwa farkon jimla ko tsakiya, yayin da a Hausa tsarin ya fi sassauci.
- ●A Turanci, ba a fara jimla da 'And' ko 'But' a rubuce na hukuma ba (amma a magana ta yau da kullum yana da kyau).
Common Mistakes
I stayed home because of I was sick.
I stayed home because I was sick.
'because' yana bayyana dalili — ba 'because of I was sick' (tare da jimla) ba.
She is smart and lazy.
She is smart but lazy.
'but' don bambanci/saɓani — ba 'and' ba idan akwai saɓani.
Try it in conversation
A
Do you want rice or pasta?
Kana son shinkafa ko taliya?
B
I want rice because I had pasta yesterday.
Ina son shinkafa saboda na ci taliya jiya.
A
Why didn't you come to school?
Don me ba ka zo makaranta ba?
B
I was sick, so I stayed at home.
Ba ni da lafiya, don haka na zauna gida.
Fill in the blanks
I like football ___ basketball.
She studied hard ___ she passed the exam.
Quiz
'She was tired ___ she went to bed early.' — Cika gurbin.
'I stayed home ___ it was raining.' — Zaɓi amsar da ta dace.
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