Kwatanta da Mafi (Comparatives & Superlatives)
Comparatives & Superlatives
Comparatives da Superlatives ana amfani da su don kwatanta abubuwa. Comparative yana kwatanta abubuwa biyu — 'taller than' (ya fi tsayi). Superlative yana nuna mafi — 'the tallest' (mafi tsayi). A Hausa, 'ya fi' don kwatanta, 'mafi' don mafi. Misali, 'Musa ya fi Ibrahim tsayi' = 'Musa is taller than Ibrahim'. Koyon waɗannan tsarukan zai taimake ka wajen bayyana ra'ayinka a Turanci.
Comparatives (-er / more)
Gajerun siffofi: ƙara -er (tall → taller). Dogayen siffofi: more + siffa (beautiful → more beautiful).
Musa is taller than Ibrahim.
Musa ya fi Ibrahim tsayi.
This market is bigger than that one.
Wannan kasuwa ta fi waccan girma.
English is more difficult than I thought.
Turanci ya fi yadda na zata wahala.
She is smarter than her brother.
Ta fi ɗan'uwanta wayo.
| Siffa | Comparative | Ƙa'ida |
|---|---|---|
| tall, big, fast | taller, bigger, faster | gajeriyar siffa: +er |
| beautiful, expensive | more beautiful, more expensive | doguwar siffa: more + siffa |
| good, bad | better, worse | marasa ƙa'ida |
Superlatives (-est / most)
Gajerun siffofi: the + siffa-est (the tallest). Dogayen siffofi: the most + siffa (the most beautiful).
She is the tallest girl in the class.
Ita ce mafi tsayi a cikin 'yan matan aji.
This is the biggest mosque in Kano.
Wannan shine mafi girman masallaci a Kano.
That was the most interesting movie.
Wancan shine fim ɗin da ya fi ban sha'awa.
He is the best student in the school.
Shi ne mafi kyawun ɗalibi a makaranta.
| Siffa | Superlative | Ƙa'ida |
|---|---|---|
| tall, big, fast | tallest, biggest, fastest | gajeriyar siffa: the + -est |
| beautiful, expensive | most beautiful, most expensive | doguwar siffa: the most + siffa |
| good, bad | best, worst | marasa ƙa'ida |
Kwatanta Daidaita (as...as)
'as + siffa + as' don bayyana daidaito. 'not as...as' don bayyana bambanci.
Amina is as tall as Hauwa.
Amina da Hauwa daidai suke tsayi.
This bag is not as expensive as that one.
Wannan jaka ba ta yi tsada kamar waccan ba.
He runs as fast as his brother.
Yana gudu daidai da ɗan'uwansa.
My house is not as big as yours.
Gidana bai yi girma kamar naka ba.
Bambancin Hausa da Turanci
- ●A Hausa, 'ya fi' / 'ta fi' shine tsarin kwatanta — 'Musa ya fi Ibrahim tsayi' = 'Musa is taller than Ibrahim'.
- ●A Hausa, 'mafi' don superlative — 'mafi girma' = 'the biggest'.
- ●A Turanci, dole ne a bambanta gajerun siffofi (-er/-est) da dogayen siffofi (more/most), amma a Hausa 'ya fi' da 'mafi' suna aiki da duk siffofi.
Common Mistakes
She is more tall than me.
She is taller than me.
Gajerun siffofi suna amfani da -er + than — ba 'more tall' ba.
This is the most good food.
This is the best food.
good → better → best — ba 'goodest' ko 'most good' ba.
Try it in conversation
A
Which is bigger, Lagos or Kano?
Wanne ya fi girma, Lagos ko Kano?
B
Lagos is bigger than Kano.
Lagos ta fi Kano girma.
A
Who is the tallest in your family?
Wane ne mafi tsayi a cikin iyalinka?
B
My father is the tallest.
Babana ne mafi tsayi.
Fill in the blanks
This book is ___ (interesting) than that one.
He is the ___ (good) player on the team.
Quiz
'Lagos is ___ than Kano.' — Zaɓi amsar da ta dace.
'She is the ___ student in the class.' — Cika gurbin.
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