Tsarin Jimla Biyar na Turanci
Five Sentence Patterns
Turanci yana da tsarin jimla biyar na asali da ake ginawa a kansu. SV (Subject + Verb), SVO (Subject + Verb + Object), SVC (Subject + Verb + Complement), SVOO (Subject + Verb + Object + Object), da SVOC (Subject + Verb + Object + Complement). Fahimtar waɗannan tsaruka zai taimake ka gina kowane irin jimla a Turanci. A Hausa, tsarin jimla ya bambanta — yawanci SOV ne (batun magana + abin magana + fi'ili), amma a Turanci SVO ne.
SV — Subject + Verb
Mafi sauƙin tsari — batun magana + fi'ili kawai.
Birds fly.
Tsuntsaye suna tashi.
The baby sleeps.
Jariri yana barci.
She laughed.
Ta yi dariya.
It rains.
Ana ruwan sama.
SVO — Subject + Verb + Object
Mafi yawan jimlolin Turanci — batun magana + fi'ili + abin magana.
I eat rice.
Ina cin shinkafa.
She reads books.
Tana karanta littattafai.
They play football.
Suna wasan ƙwallon ƙafa.
He drinks water.
Yana shan ruwa.
SVC — Subject + Verb + Complement
Be verb da sauran linking verbs + siffa ko suna da ke bayyana batun magana.
She is kind.
Tana da kirki.
The food smells good.
Abincin yana da ƙanshi mai kyau.
He became a teacher.
Ya zama malami.
They look happy.
Suna kama da masu farin ciki.
SVOO da SVOC
SVOO: fi'ili + abin magana biyu. SVOC: fi'ili + abin magana + siffa/suna da ke bayyana shi.
She gave me a book. (SVOO)
Ta ba ni littafi.
He taught us English. (SVOO)
Ya koya mana Turanci.
They call him Baba. (SVOC)
Suna kiransa Baba.
The news made her happy. (SVOC)
Labarin ya faranta mata rai.
Bambancin Hausa da Turanci
- ●A Turanci, tsarin shine SVO (I eat rice), amma a Hausa galibi SOV ne ko SVO bisa ga fi'ili — 'Ina cin shinkafa' (I rice eat-ing).
- ●A Turanci, tsarin fi'ili yana tsakanin batun magana da abin magana koyaushe, amma a Hausa tsarin ya fi sassauci.
Common Mistakes
I gave a present her.
I gave her a present.
SVOO — fi'ili + mutum + abu. Ba 'I gave a present her' ba.
She a teacher.
She is a teacher.
SVC — be verb + complement. Ba 'She a teacher' ba (ba tare da is ba).
Try it in conversation
A
What does your mother do?
Me mahaifiyarka take yi?
B
She is a nurse. She helps people every day.
Ma'aikaciyar lafiya ce. Tana taimakon mutane kowace rana.
A
That sounds wonderful! She must be kind.
Wannan yana da kyau! Lallai tana da kirki.
Fill in the blanks
'He reads books.' tsari ne na ___.
'She looks happy.' tsari ne na ___.
Quiz
'She gave me a gift.' — Wanne tsari ne?
'The cat sleeps.' — Wanne tsari ne?
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